[高一英语必修4第二单元课文翻译]高一英语下册第二单元知识点：Festivals【人教版】

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高中英语课有些内容比较生动有趣，有些内容的确比较枯燥。对英语缺乏兴趣，其中重要原因是要选择对的学习方法等。一起来看看高一英语下册第二单元知识点！

高一英语下册第二单元知识点：Festivals【人教版】

【Festivals知识点】

一、课文背景知识

你可能知道圣诞节，春节和斋月节，教师节，儿童节等，在节日里人们相互祝愿，共同分享成果等，真实开心极了。

节日的内容和意义各不相同。本单元讲的就是在美国的黑人自己过的节日。美国黑人拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化，但宽扎文化节却是一个非常年轻的节日。宽扎文化节诞生于1966年，当时，毛拉.卡伦格博士创建了一个新的节日以便美国黑人能够庆祝他们的历史和文化。毛拉.卡伦格博士用了斯瓦希里人语中表示“第一个果”的单词，斯瓦希里语是非洲最大的语种。卡伦格博士之所以选择这个词是因为在非洲很多节日都是被称作“第一果”的节日。非洲的第一果节日有很多相同之处：人们总是聚集到一起庆祝他们的丰收;为他们的生活和丰收而表示感谢;人们常常对他们的祖先表示尊敬，对他们的过去，以及他们生活的团体和社会表示庆祝。节日是庆祝文化和历史的一种方式，是建设社团的一种方式，也是庆祝新年的一种方式。

卡伦格博士是如此的喜欢非洲人的节日特色以至于他用这些写出了宽扎文化节的七个原则。

人们庆祝宽扎节是从12月26日到元月1日。日期选定在圣诞节之后的一天开始到元旦的那天结束。这样，庆祝宽扎节的人们就能尽情享受节日带来的快乐，不需要再为圣诞节的商业活动而去操心了。由于宽扎文化节是一个既娱乐又学习的时间，所以，人们常常每天点着蜡烛讨论宽扎节的原则，以此来庆祝这个节日。蜡烛常常由家中最小的孩子点燃。在宽扎文化节的最后一天，家庭成员和朋友们聚集在一起进餐，庆祝新年。

创立新节日似乎好象是庆祝历史和文化的不寻常方式，但是，事实上我们每年都在创建新节日，节假日总是在不停地改变着。当我们在庆祝他们的时候，我们是在新的历史篇章上发展我们的文化。春节、圣诞节、斋月节、宽扎文化节以及其他的一些节假日让我们更加了解自己，让我们记住我们来自何处，并且还让我们共同分享对未来美好的憧憬。

二、疑难详解

1. Kwanzaa is a seven-day festival celebrating the culture and history of African Ameiricans. 宽扎文化节是美国黑人庆祝自己文化和历史的节日，前后持续七天。

[问]the culture and history of African Americans 是做celebrating的宾语吗?[答]是的。例如：Can you tell us why you want to stay here and what you will do when you stay here?你能告诉我你为什么要呆在这里及你想呆在这儿做什么吗?

2. The week following Christmas Day, many African -American families get together to greet the new year and think about the past.圣诞节之后的那个星期，许多美国黑人家庭聚集在一起相互问候新年并回忆过去。[问]to greet the new year and think about the past 是两个不定式短语作目的状语吗?[答]是的。请看下面两个例句：1、We could get there to have the meeting on time. 我们可以准时到哪儿开会。2、The boy said slowly to let me know clearly about what had happened. 哪个小孩讲得和年慢目的是让我对所发生的事情一目了然。

3. Kwanzaa was born in 1966, when Dr Maulana Karenga created a new festival so that African -Americans would be able to celebrate their history and culture. 宽扎文化节诞生于1966年，当时，毛拉.卡伦格博士创建了一个新的节日以便美国黑人能够庆祝他们的历史和文化。

[问]when Dr Maulana Karenga created a new festival so that African-Americans would be able to celebrate their history and culture是什么从句?

[答]非限定性的定语从句。引导词when在定语从句中作时间状语。如：1、He was born in 1949, when China was liberated by the PLA. 他出生于1949年，中国人民解放军在那是解放了中国。

4. Dr Karenga chose the word because there are many festivals in Africa called "the first-fruit"festivals. 卡伦格博士之所以选择这个词是因为在非洲很多节日都是被称作“第一果”的节日。

[问]如何解释because结构和called the first -fruit 结构?

[答]because 引导的从句在句中作原因状语，called the first -fruit 结构?[答]beause 引导的从句在句中作原因状语，called过去分词短语在句中作定语。如：This is the student nameed Jack. 这就是名叫Jack. 这就是名叫Jack的那个学生。同步练习题[/page]

【同步练习题】

一.单词拼写

学习网1.What do you want to do after g_________?

答案:graduation

2.He succeeded in winning a s_________ to Oxford University.

答案:scholarship

3.Your house is so old.I think it needs d_________.

答案:decorating

4.They turned off all the lights in the room.Then they were completely in d_________.

答案:darkness

5.You can’t use the flashlight.There is no　_________(电池) in it.

答案:battery

6.Only the chairman has the　_________(权力) to decide the important things.

答案:power

初中学习网7.I am uncomfortable because my body is_________(粘的).

答案:sticky

8.If you give water to a small baby to drink, you have to_________(煮沸) it first.

$来&源：gkxx.com答案:boil

二.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空

1.Birthday cakes are a_________(tradition) part of birthday parties.

答案:traditional

2.After the festival all the_________(decorate) were taken down.

答案:decorations

3.Computer games may have a_________(power) influence on children.

答案:powerful

4.The night of the　_________(celebrate) was just like Christmas for them.

答案:celebration

5.Nothing can be done to reduce the_________(destroy).

答案:destruction填空题[/page]

三.用适当的介词和副词填空

1.　_________Christmas Day children can often get a lot of presents.

答案:On

2.At last many people in the neighbourhood helped put　_________the fire.

答案:out

3.Mum made us dumplings_________fresh vegetables and meat.

答案:with

4.You can’t see the village because it was burned_________twenty years ago.

答案:down

5.The moon cakes in the supermarket come _________different shapes.

答案:in

6.(2015福建,22改编)A common memory they all have _________their school days is the school uniform.

答案:of

7.(2015陕西,12改编)The little pupil took his grandma _________the arm and walked her across the street.

答案:by

8.(2015浙江,3改编)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _________animals both on land and sea?

答案:to

四.单句改错

1.Students are interesting in English.

答案:interesting→interested

2.Mr Wu really enjoys teach Chinese literature.

答案:teach→teaching

3.I’d rather to do translation than do revision.

答案:去掉to

4.Xiao Li lived in Xiamen since he was born.

答案:lived前加has

5.Winter is four times as colder in Harbin as in Beijing.

答案:colder→cold阅读理解[/page]

五.阅读理解

In ancient Greece,Athens and Sparta shared the same language and customs,but Spartans and Athenians led very different lives.

Growing up in Sparta meant learning to become a soldier.At seven,boys were sent to special schools.These schools wanted to make the boys brave soldiers.While the Spartan boys were learning discipline(纪律),boys in Athens learned reading,writing,and even music.

In Sparta,at the age of 20,boys finished training and became soldiers in the army.Even if a Spartan soldier got married,he could not live with his wife until he turned 30.He continued to serve in the military(军队) until he was 60 years old.Boys in Athens served in the army for two years only,from the ages of 18 to 20.After that,they could choose to be a soldier,or they could be an artist or a teacher.Family life was important to Athenians,so families lived together.

$来&源：gkxx.comBoth Sparta and Athens had an Assembly,which was a group of leaders who helped run the city.Also,both Spartans and Athenians chose the members of the Assembly.The Spartan Assembly,however,actually did not have very much power.There were two kings in Sparta.There were also the ephors—a group of five men who held most of the power.The people of Athens wanted the exact opposite.They believed that no one group of people should hold all the power.So they chose members of the Assembly every year.People voted on new laws,and they discussed lots of things.

Athenians and Spartans both believed that their way of life was the best.It’s no wonder that they finally went to war with one another.Sparta won the war,but the Spartan soldiers did not burn Athens.They let the culture of Athens live on.

1.According to the text,boys in Sparta 　　　.

A.had little education

B.had no interest in the arts

C.liked military schools greatly

D.learned reading at a young age

答案:A

提示:细节理解题。由第二段中的前三句可知,斯巴达的男性从小就开始被训练成为军人,因而接受正规教育很少。

2.Compared with boys in Sparta,boys in Athens 　　　.

A.were smarter

B.were stronger

C.studied much harder

D.enjoyed more freedom

答案:D

gkxx.com提示:推理判断题。第三段中讲到雅典的男孩只需要在军队里面待两年,然后就可以选择自己喜欢的生活和工作,可见他们更加自由地享受生活。

3.The Paragraph 4 is mainly about Sparta and Athens’ 　　　.

A.governments　　　　　　B.people

C.kings D.laws

答案:A

提示:段落大意题。第四段中提到的Assembly,kings,ephors等,都是在讲政府机构的组成。

4.How does the author develop the text?

初中学习网A.By providing reasons.

B.By making comparisons.

C.By following the order of time.

D.By following the order of importance.

答案:B

gkxx.com提示:篇章结构题。本文第一段是主题段,接下来从不同的方面把斯巴达和雅典进行对比。短文改错[/page]

六.短文改错

We spend two weeks in London last year.We went there in the autumn.We think it is the best season to visit England.The weather is usually good but there aren’t too many tourists in October.We stayed in a small hotel in the West End.It was convenient as we did most of our traveling by foot.We went to look at the places where all tourists see.We saw Buckingham Palace and the National Gallery.We went to shopping in Oxford Street and spent too many money.What we liked most,though,was going to theatre.We don’t have the chance to see so wonderful plays at home.A lot of people say English food is very badly.We didn’t think so.It’s true that most of the restaurants are French or Italian or Chinese,but we had some very good meal.

答案:

We spend two weeks in London last year.We went there in the autumn.We think it is the best season to visit England.The weather is usually good but there aren’t too many tourists in October.We stayed in a small hotel in the West End.It was convenient as we did most of our traveling by foot.We went to look at the places where all tourists see.We saw Buckingham Palace and the National Gallery.We went shopping in Oxford Street and spent too many money.What we liked most,though,was going to theatre.We don’t have the chance to see so wonderful plays at home.A lot of people say English food is very badly.We didn’t think so.It’s true that most of the restaurants are French or Italian or Chinese,but we had some very good meal.

高一英语下册第二单元知识点介绍到这里了，想必大家已经积累了不少文化知识，同时也一定不要忘了及时调整自己的【学习计划】，提前做好开学的准备！

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